FACULTY OF MINES

Although it was founded in 1887 with the benediction of the national government, the National School of Mines was born from a regional Project, that is, from the aspirations of power and prestige of the Antioquia’s upper class members settled in Medellín. These people were Pedro Nel and Tulio Ospina Vásquez, founders of the Institute. Thanks to the Ospina brothers’ influence, the School would become the transmitter of the ethical and social values of the wealthiest sector from Medellín’s upper class. 

 Between 1887 and 1911, the School of Mines went through a very slow institutional development process, when it was first opened on April 11^th, 1887 with 26 students; in the following years, classes must have been frequently cancelled due to the lack of organization, of budget and even to the lack of professors and students.

The political conflicts that ended in the most bloody civil war that Colombians had lived until that period of time, the Guerra de los Mil Días (1000 Days War) —1899 to 1902—, also caused the cancellation of the regular academic activities. The School was closed from 1895 to 1904. In 1906, it was annexed to the University of Antioquia, responding to a regional reform that intended to promote higher technical education across the department of Antioquia.  Its autonomy was recovered in 1911 when the School was separated from the University of Antioquia, under the direction of its rector Tulio Ospina. Just by that time, the program that would characterize the institute was consolidated, and it would allow the institute to stand out as one of the most prestigious centers of high education in the country. 

Under the direction of Ospina (1911-1921), the School intended to form “virile engineers”, able to succeed over the obstacles brought by their job. The “scientific trips” – real hiking or riding on mule adventures—contributed to this formative objective and enabled the young students to visit and get to know the different regions and richness of their country. The trips included visits to gold mines in Chocó, to the Atlantic coast, to Bogotá’s savanna, to oil champs in Barrancabermeja and to the new emerging factories of that time in Medellín. Nevertheless, the high and strict norms of conduct: those of Work and Rectitude, were the ones that inspired the students to adopt the required qualities to succeed professionally. 

Historical Trajectory *UN*

The National University of Colombia was born in the second half of the nineteenth century (22 September 1867), on the stage of radical liberal himself, when he wanted to put limits on the absolute principle of academic freedom that had allowed the emergence of many institutions shoddy university scientific and academic, to enter the state final inspection and supervision of public instruction.

It was the time that opposed the scholastic orientation then dominant new trends in the field of scientific method that had, among other actors, the former Rectors of the University, and Manuel Rojas Ezequiel Ancízar. In the atmosphere of Regeneration, the University was demonized for having erected, true to its mission, as a stage of critical ideas, and accused the causality of political instability and social unrest that surrounded the process of the new Constitution of 1886. 

As a result, the University returned to the direct control of the State, and lost both their limited autonomy as their academic unit. However, the idea of ​​the university remained proclaimed by those who, like Rafael Uribe Uribe, should always be considered that national, modern, contemporary and evolutionary, experimental and unifying.

Years later, in the twentieth, the University responded by collecting the ideals of the university movement of Córdoba, to be reborn with new impetus under the Liberal Republic, thanks to the guidance of the interventionist conception of the state and the leadership of President Alfonso Lopez. And under the conception that it was taken in 1935, with the settings and adjustments made ​​in 1963, 1980 and most recently, in 1993, that the University has historically been very closely linked with the constraints is always imposed, access to the lower strata of higher education quality, reception activities, processing orders and creation science, technology and art, the study of the problems of the national community, and critical reflection on their emergency heartfelt.

UN

The concept of state and public university in the country, began to take shape shortly after the independence of our country.

Santander administration, from the Vice President of Gran Colombia, organized the Central University (based in Bogota, Caracas and Quito) first legal-institutional expression of the public university in Colombia. By 1830 this began to work with teachers and students who kept alive the experience of the Botanical Expedition.

Then governments Federalists and radicals under the argument that the universities were monopolies teaching and working as impeding individual liberty university closes Central until 1864, José María Samper, former radical, introduced a bill to Congress than called University of the United States of Colombia. The September 22, 1867, by Law 66 issued by Congress is officially founded as such.

In that year the university had six faculties: Law, Medicine, Natural Sciences, Engineering, Arts and Crafts, Literature and Philosophy. It also annexed the Astronomical Observatory, the National Museum, the National Chemical Laboratory, the National Library, the Charity Hospital and the Military.

Between 1903 and 1940 at the University were created more than 20 races, among which are: Architecture, Nursing, Pharmacy, Chemical Engineering, Veterinary Medicine, Dentistry and Chemistry. In the late 60's was given impetus to the master's programs at the National University and country. The first programs, master's level were created between 1967 and 1973 and opened its doors in 1986 the first doctoral programs in the country in areas such as physics and mathematics.

  National University 

of Colombia

National University of Colombia, also called UNAL or just UN, is a public, national, coeducational, research university, located primarily in Bogotá, Medellín, Manizales and Palmira.

Established in 1867 by an act of the Congress of Colombia, the university is the largest and most important higher education institution of the country with more than 44,000 students, the largest number of graduated professionals per year, and number of academic programs at undergraduate and postgraduate levels, with 423 academic programs, which includes 94 graduate diplomas, 61 Academic specializations, 38 medical specialties, 131 Master's degrees, and 46 doctorates. 

It is also one of the few universities that employs post-doctorate fellows in the country. Approximately 40,000 students are studying for an undergraduate degree and 4,000 for a graduate degree.

The university is a member of the Association of Colombian Universities (ASCUN), the Iberoamerican Association of Postgraduate Universities(AUIP), and the Iberoamerican University Network Universia.

Along with the Antioquia and Valle universities, it conforms what is known as theGolden Triangle of higher education in Colombia, being among the most selective and competitive universities in the country. A study by Universia found it to be the Colombian university producing the largest number of scientific papers published in peer-refereed publications in 2005, and the 45th most prolific in Latin America.

The institution offers a wide selection of programmes, such as medicine, nursing, dentistry, engineering, chemistry, pharmacy, mathematics,physics, geology, biology, social sciences, arts (music, fine arts), philosophy, and law.

INTRODUCTION

Topic: History of the National University

Members:

• Valentina Aguirre

• Manuela Lodoño

• Viviana Marsiglia

• Jonathan ...

Development:

For the exhibition's theme will make a slide show, containing pictures, diagrams and text that will have the main idea of our blog (History UN), our exhibition will be divided into four parts, representing the four stages of history gives the university since its inception up to the present, each partner is responsible of these stages, the stages are:

• Historical Background

• College Foundation

• The sectional

• Recent Developments

Besides this we will interview people at the University who are trained to give information on the subject.